بررسی اثر محافظتی ویتامین‌های E ، C و A بر فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز در گلبول‌های قرمز موش صحرایی مواجهه یافته با سم دیازینون

Background and purpose: Diazinon is an oregano-phosphate insecticide used for pest control in the agricultural fields and gardens. It is easily absorbed through intestine, respiratory system and skin and is metabolized in the liver to diazoxon which is more toxic. This study aimed at examining the effect of diazinon on superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in rat erythrocyte and investigating the effect of antioxidant vitamins. Materials and methods: In this study, Wistar rats were divided into 9 groups. The groups were administered normal saline, soybean oil, diazinon (30 mg/kg), vitamins E, C, A (100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 400 IU/kg, respectively) and combination of diazinon with the mentioned doses of each vitamin intraperitoneally (IP) for 14 days. Seven days after the last injection, the rats were anesthetized and one ml of blood was taken from their heart erythrocytes were aspirated and lysed. Hemolysis was used to measure superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. Data analysis was run using SPSS and the differences between the groups were analyzed applying Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney tests at the significance level of 0.05 Results: The activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes was significantly higher in the diazinon-exposed group in comparison to the control group (P= 0.008). Diazinon/vitamin groups displayed a significantly increased level of enzyme activity compared to the control group (P= 0.005), as well. Conclusion: Diazinon increases the production of superoxide free radicals which in turn leads to oxidative stress. Vitamins, as non-enzymatic antioxidants, are probably effective in reducing the levels of free radicals and restoring antioxidants enzymes.